Cave Paintings Essay - 958 Words

Creating art is one of the single defining factors that set humans apart from animal species. Through art, humans are able to express their innermost ideas and feelings, without having the difficulty of trying to find the correct words to accurately describe their thought processes. Works of art can help us to understand the people who have come before us. This is evidenced by the knowledge humans have discovered of prehistoric men and their symbolic cave paintings. The expression, style, and meaning vary and archaeologists put in much effort to uncover these works. The first evidence of cave art appeared in Western Europe (Berenguer 67). Early cave paintings were characteristic of Western art. They were supported by an acute vision,†¦show more content†¦It is often found to be extremely animalistic. The animals most commonly depicted are horses, deer, reindeer, bison, ipex, aurochs, woolly rhinoceroses, and mammoths. Sometimes lions and bears are also created, but rarely fi sh or birds. Humans were also commonly represented (Berenguer 73). Prehistoric men also created abstract designs that have proven hard to identify. They are referred to as signs and a special nomenclature has been developed to better understand their meaning. Tectiforms are generally quadrangular shapes, with crossing vertical lines inside forming a trellis or mesh design. Tectiforms often appear near naturalistic figures of animals. Scutiforms have been thought to represent the female vulva. They are formed by red patches, often in the form of a comma or a key. Other types of signs are penniforms, ramiforms, and claviforms. The exact meanings of most of these signs remain unknown (Berenguer 82). The French scholar Leroi-Gourhan formed a theory regarding the animalistic and abstract art representations. He believed all depictions revolved around the law of sex, noting that the philosophy of the prehistoric men concentrated all explanations on sex and sexual relations. Cave art depic tions of animals are divided into male and female. The male animals are horses, she-goats, and deer. Bison, bovidae, and mammoths are female. The signs are also divided into gender categories. Triangles, rectangles, ramiforms, tectiforms, and scutiforms areShow MoreRelatedEssay on Cave Paintings1253 Words   |  6 Pages The Cave of Lascaux and Cave Art nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cave paintings might possibly be the oldest known form of communication that exists today. Cave paintings date back to a period of time called the Paleolithic Age. The Paleolithic Age took place from 40,000 to 10,000 B.C. Prehistoric Age is divided into three parts: Paleolithic being the earliest, Mesolithic being the middle at 10,000 B.C. and Neolithic Age being the latest at 8,000 B.C. During the Paleolithic Age it is believed thatRead More The Unwritten History of Cave Paintings Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pageswas cave painting. Cave painting is a form of prehistoric art that dates back hundreds of thousands of years. Analysts are unable to specify the reasoning behind these paintings of objects on cave walls, but many theories have been formulated to surmise the rational behind the art. Questions arise like, â€Å"why did man find a need to paint the walls of caves† and is this part of the foundation of the origin of human life as we know it? ( Beacon) The ecumenical belief is rooted at history, cave paintingsRead MoreCave Paintings Such As Those At Lascaux And Altamira2077 Words   |  9 Pages What are common motifs found in cave paintings such as those at Lascaux and Altamira? Summarize the current theories about their original meaning and purpose Cave paintings are seen now in our society is a snapshot of just what they people during that time cherished when it comes to prehistoric art. The Lascaux brought about many things and showed historians what the appreciated most during that time. In this cave, there were many depicted cows, bulls, and dear along the natural ledges of the rockRead MoreCave Paintings In The Film Cave Of Forgotten Dreams820 Words   |  4 Pagesthe clues left behind of how humans used to live. When asked to recreate cave paintings a common drawing some might think of stick figures. The actuality of the cave paintings is that they are incredibly detailed and are able to show the artistic talent of the cavemen and women. In the film Cave of Forgotten Dreams, it focuses on a cave in southern France and the intricate paintings and artifacts found inside. The cave dates to around 30,000 years ago and there is a unique aspect of how everythingRead MoreThe Cave Paintings Of Chauvet Pont D Arc Cave1038 Words   |  5 Pages The cave paintings of Chauvet-Pont-D Arc are one of the oldest prehistoric sites in the world. It is located in the Ardeche region of southern France. Chauvet-Pont-D Arc cave was only discovered as recently as 1994. Jean-Marie Chauvet and his team of cavers just happened to stumble upon it when they removed a rumble of stones that blocked the passageway (Introduction to the Cave). This is such an extraordinary piece of art history due to the time period a nd what it can tell us about our historyRead MoreDiscovering Prehistory : Chapter 11687 Words   |  7 Pages The author Joy McCorriston, was a student at the Institute of Archaeology in London and found out about the chance to visit the Lascaux cave from a radio show contest. Although she didn’t â€Å"win† she was lucky enough to join the tour. She listens to stories from Monsieur Jaceues Marshal, a discoverer of the cave and the cave’s guard as she gets to tour the cave. Lascaux Cave’s discovery had come about because four local boys found a hiding place to tease and abandon an outsider, a Jewish boy sentRead MoreThe Evolution of Graphic Design792 Words   |  3 Pagessets were popular, painting was the main form of graphic design. Paintings date back through time to the Paleolithic ages when paintings were made on the cave walls of local tribes. It is speculated by Josà © Luis Sanchidrià ¡n, that the earliest paintings were most likely to have been created by Neanderthals instead of early modern humans. One notable example of an ancient painting is the Grott e Chauvet, located in France and estimated to be about 32,000 years old. The paintings were made using redRead MoreEssay on Cosque Cave820 Words   |  4 PagesCosque Cave Many, many years ago, a cave was in use, and many paintings, drawings, and engravings were put on the walls of the cave. About ten years ago, a man was diving in the Mediterranean and came across something that no one would ever think about finding. It was a prehistoric painted cave with an underwater entrance. It is known today as the Cosquer cave. Jean Cosquer, a professional diver, discovered the cave. He was diving for no particular reason, and foundRead MoreTaking a Look at Cave Art691 Words   |  3 Pagesthink of cave art you may think of it is a way of just communicating or it does not really have much meaning to it. But when you really look into the art you find so much more. It’s amazing what you can find about the humans in the past just through their art, you get to find out where did they creativity come from and why did they create. In this essay I am going to discuss what made the features on the cave so special? And why were they made? The stunning prehistoric cave art at AltamiraRead MoreIran Before and After the Revolution Essay794 Words   |  4 Pageshuman was creating markings on the surfaces of the caves and , since the down of civilization , on the walls of ancient structures Although in certain cases motivations to produce such marks are covered by mystery , wall paintings , and engravings definitely serve as factual evidence of humans presence along various locations . The appearance and production of techniques of graffiti have been varying throughout decades , but cave paintings of prehistoric period , ancient engravings , or

Helen of Troy - 823 Words

Since we are talking favourite characters, thought I would talk about one from Greek Mythology, a female figure that I like, and find very interesting. Well, to be honest, you really cannot see any good portion of character development. The larger story is literally involved with the rise and fall of people around her. She even displayed very little emotions and was sort of unaffected by the war outcome. Still I like her Helen of Troy, or Helen or Sparta, one of the most controversial female characters in literature, has been the literary and mythic symbol of beauty and illicit love. She was the most beautiful woman in Greece best known for being the cause of the Trojan War. A wholewar which lasted for ten years. Helen, was flesh and†¦show more content†¦Helen and Menelaus were married. Following Tyndareus’ death, Menelaus became king of Sparta. Few years later, Paris, a Trojan prince came to Sparta to marry Helen, whom he had been promised by Aphrodite after he had chosen her as the most beautiful of the goddesses, earning the wrath of Athena andHera. Helen fell in love-as Aphrodite promised- and eloped with him, leaving behind Menelaus and Hermione â€Å"her daughter†. When Menelaus discovered that his wife was missing, he called upon all the other suitors to fulfill their oaths, thus beginning the Trojan War. Virtually all of Greece took part, either attacking Troy with Menelaus or defending it from them. The more you read about Helen, the more conflict you feel towards her true nature†¦To some authors she is a muse, a female figure of anexceptional inspiration. To others she is a deceitful woman who is considered the sole cause of the death of thousands Greek and Trojanmen â€Å"†¦and excited the heart of Helen; maddened by the Trojan man, a traitorous guest, she followed him in a ship on the sea, leaving at home her child and her husband†¦ The Trojan plain holds conquered because of that woman† Alkois here holds Helen responsiblefor the destruction of Troy. Homer, one of the most celebrated authors of epic literature, has a more complex view of Helen’s character. His Iliad is full of negative references towardsShow MoreRelatedHelen of Troy1286 Words   |  6 Pagesand Cassandra s prophecy that he would be the cause of Troy s destruction. Worried, his father King Priamleaves him on Mount Ida, where he is found and raised by the shepherd Agelaus. When he is an adult, he judges Aphrodite as the fairest of the three goddesses,  Hera,  Athena, and  Aphrodite. After awarding her the golden apple she promises him the love of  Helen of Sparta, the most beautiful woman in the world. Meanwhile in Sparta, Helen sees in a pool Paris s judgement, and happily accepts hisRead MoreHelen Of Troy1455 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Helen of Troy In Greek mythology, Helen of Troy, also known as Helen of Sparta, was the daughter of Zeus and Leda, and was a sister of Castor, Pollux, and Clytemnestra. In Greek myths, she was considered the most beautiful woman in the world. By marriage she was Queen of Laconia, a province within Homeric Greece, the wife of King Menelaus. Her abduction by Paris, Prince of Troy, brought about the Trojan War. Elements of her putative biography come from classical authors such as Aristophanes, CiceroRead MoreHelen Of Troy : The Real Father Of Helen Of Troy785 Words   |  4 PagesHelen of Troy is one of the most beautiful demi goddesses out there but she seems to have two fathers. Zeus and Tyndareus are both considered to be partly her father. Throughout this essay, the genetic biology of Helen, Tyndareus, Zeus and Leda as well as anyone who could have an effect on her phenotype. We will conclude by stating which of Zeus and Tyndareus is more closely related to her and as a result being her â€Å" real† father. Greece will also be covered in relation to these events as well asRead MoreCharacters in Helen of Troy1429 Words   |  6 PagesCHARACTERS MORTALS: AGAMEMNON The leader of the Achaean expedition to Troy, he was the King of Mycenae. On his return from Troy he was murdered by his wife Clytemnestra, and her lover Aegisthus. The lover was the son of Thyestes, the brother and enemy of Atreus, Agamemnons father. When Odysseus voyages to Hades he meets with Agamemnons ghost. ALCINOUS The King of the Phaeacians and husband of Arete, who had a daughter called Nausicaa. Nausicaa helps Odysseus when he first arrives in theirRead MoreHelen Of Troy : The World Of Mythology1188 Words   |  5 PagesPoetry Analysis Essay Helen of Troy holds legendary status is the world of mythology. Being the catalyst of one of mythologies largest wars, Helen lacks no influence. Many know the story, at least in its most basic form, the girl so mesmerizingly beautiful that the mighty empires of Greece and Troy waged war over her. With that said, a story so widely known has, predictable, many interpretations. Here Edgar Allan Poe in his piece â€Å"To Helen† and H.D. in her piece â€Å"Helen† each capture their own interpretationRead MoreFilm Review of Helen of Troy1658 Words   |  7 Pagesand villains and nature reflected the mood of the gods and goddesses. I.B. Place of Action: Troy (Asia Minor), also Ilium (ancient Ilion), famous city of Greek legend, on the northwestern corner of Asia Minor, in present-day Turkey. Anatolia is west of Greece (across the Aegean Sea) and north of Egypt (across the Mediterranean Sea). II. Characters and Description of Characters Sienna Guillory as Helen- The most beautiful woman in Greece, daughter of the god Zeus and of Leda. She was abducted inRead Morereaction about helen of troy1673 Words   |  7 Pagesfar as I can remember, no magic apples have ever flown in and disrupted any of the weddings I’ve been to. I don’t know, maybe it’s just me, but it seems as though there was an abundance of magical fruits and enchanted vegetables in the time of Helen of Troy. This is something we seem to be lacking in our modern day culture. One thing I did find relevant to our modern culture is the way that the three goddesses Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite reacted upon hearing that whoever had possession of the appleRead MoreHelen of Troy Movie Analysis2033 Words   |  9 PagesTitle of the Movie: Helen of Troy Directed By: John Kent Harrison Produced By: Ted Kurdyla Written By: Ronni Kern Starring: Sienna Guillory as Helen Matthew Marsden as Paris John Rhys-Davies as King Priam of Troy Emilia Fox as Cassandra, Princess of Troy Rufus Sewell as Agamemnon Stellan Skarsgà ¥rd as Theseus Joe Montana as Achilles Katie Blake as Clytemnestra Craig Kelly as Pollux Manuel Cauchi as Paris’ Father Kristina Paris as Iphigenia Music By: Joel Goldsmith Cinematography: Edward J. PaiRead MoreHelen of Troy Literary Analysis1250 Words   |  5 PagesHelen of Troy I. CHARACTERS Major Characters: Achilles- Stanley Baker Agamemnon- Robert Douglas Andromache- Patricia Marmont Hector- Harry Andrews Helen of Troy- Rossana Podestà   MenelausNiall MacGinnis Paris- Jacques Sernas Patroclus- Terence Longdon Priam- Cedric Hardwicke Ulysses- Torin Thatcher Minor Characters: Aeneas- Ronald Lewis Polydorus- Robert Brown Alpheus- TonioSelwart Andraste- Brigitte Bardot Andros- Eduardo Ciannelli Cassandra- Janette Scott Cora- Barbara Cavan Dancer- GeorgeRead MoreHelen Of Troy And Greek Mythology1179 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Helen of Troy was the daughter of Zeus and Leda in Greek mythology. She has a twin sister named Clytemnestra as well as her twin brothers Castor and Pollux (Dioscuri). Helen was considered to be the most beautiful woman in the known world. As a young girl she was abducted by Theseus, who left her in the care of his mother but Helen was later rescued by her brothers when they invaded Athens. Many suitors tried to win Helen’s hand after her return and eventually Menelaus brother of Agamemnon become

WHS Policies for Occupational and Safety Health Act- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWHS Policies for Occupational and Safety Health Act. Answer: In an organization, the primary duty of care lies upon the persons who carry the business undertakings or the PCBUs. The PCBUs are conferred with the responsibility to ensure that the employees of the organization are acting in compliance with the workplace safety and health policies and procedures of the organization (Gray et al., 2014). The workplace Health and Safety policies in Australia imposes certain duties on the persons who exercises control over the workplace such as persons who are responsible for operating fittings, fixtures or plant. Law further imposes duties on the directors, officers, workers and the other staffs within the organization. In the Bounce fitness organization, according to section 19 of the Occupational and Safety Health Act 1984, the duty of the PCBUs to exercise duty of care is not only restricted to the employees but also to all other persons who may become subject to risks resulting from the conduct or omission of the PCBUs. The primary duty includes duties with respect to the actual physical workplace ensuring safe workplace condition and safety of fixtures, fittings, plants and machines used within the workplace (Sekendiz et al., 2014). Although a gym operator has several providers such as personal trainers, still the gym operator is often considered as a PCBU with respect to health and safety of the personal trainers and the clients of the independent contractors. The employer must ensure that the employee, staffs and other staffs of the organization are not exposed to hazards and he must take every reasonable measures to reduce or eliminate the hazards identified within the workplace that may res ult in injuries. The gym operator owed a duty of care towards the workers, which includes the employees, contractors, volunteers, and the workers of the contractors. According to Division 2 clause 1.4 of the Occupational and Safety Health Regulations 1996, the employers of a workplace is responsible for matters over which he is entitled to exercise control and for the works done by the employer and his employees within the workplace. The duty of care of the employer is also restricted to employee and other persons who shall be affected for any conduct or omission on part of the employer and his employees. Section 20 of the Act requires the employees to take reasonable care to for ensuring his or her own safety and health at work and avert any conduct or omission that might cause injury to the other person within the workplace (De Lyon, Neville Armour, 2017). The employees committing breach of the duty shall be liable for gross negligence and shall be imposed fine of $2500 for first offence and $31250 for second offense under section 20A of the Act. The breach of employers duty shall entitle the employer to be liable for Level 4 penalty. According to Division 2 clause 5.3 of the Regulation, it is imperative to determine hazardous substances within the workplace to prevent any injuries resulting from such substances. One of the primary duties of an employer is to promote consultation and co-operation between the employees and the employers. The employers are required to co-operate and consult with health and safety representatives with respect to health and safety matters. Consultation process is essential for maintaining and providing a health and safety workplace within the organization (Gray et al., 2015). The participation of the employees is essential in the consultation process as the employees are aware of the risks that are associated with the workplace of the organization. The consultation process can be conducted in two ways- the PUBCs will inform the employees about the safety policies and procedures of the organization. The involvement of the employer and employee enables to identify the hazards associated with the organizational workplace and enables the employers to assess the hazards to minimize or eliminate the risk of harm arising from such hazards. The other consultation process includes representation of the Health and Safety representatives where the workers are consulted regarding the health and safety issues that the workers and employees usually face within the workplace. The workers are consulted while any changes are proposed to be made within the workplace (Landsbergis, Grzywacz LaMontagne, 2014). The consultation process ensures the employees that they are an important part of the decision-making process of the organization. In case, any risk has been assessed within workplace, clause 5.22 of the OHS Regulation states that the Centre Manager of Bouncer Fitness is required to ensure that monitoring is done properly and a record is maintained to document such monitoring. The persons who are likely to be affected from the hazards identified within the workplace shall be informed about the result of such monitoring of the hazardous substances. Under clause 5.23(1) of the Regulation, in case the health of any person is likely to be affected due to the exposure of the person to the hazardous substances within the workplace, the manager must conduct medical surveillance of such employee by a medical practitioner. Bounce Fitness has a strict monitoring safety system that has been developed which the Monash Injury Research Institute has confirmed to be effective to the extent that it prevents the occurrence of serious injury while carrying out exercises within the workplace. The general safety rule highlights the risks that are associated with the workplace as the terms and conditions before the clients commence the exercises. In order to prevent the clients from sustaining serious injuries while exercising on the trampolines, safety rules and regulations are clearly posted at the entrance of the trampoline courts, which are regulated and enforced by the floor staffs. In case of any changes, the same are clearly posted within the workplaces at conspicuous places to be visible to the staffs and the clients of the organization. The clients of the organization are provided with adequate trainings and information with respect to workplace health and safety legislations and policies and procedures of the organization (Holt Allen, 2015). The staffs of the Bounce Fitness have significant experiences in the field of gymnastics and sports and other associated activities like spots coaching and circus related performances. Trained trampoline professionals who have been given adequate training in First Aid and CPR monitor the trampoline courts within the workplace of the organization. Moreover, the staffs are acknowledged with the rules and guidelines that are applicable for trampoline exercise, which the trained professionals also enforce. The staffs of the organization encourage and enforce the one person per trampoline for preventing any form of accidents or injuries. The organization provides adequate training to the staffs to exercise additional care to children under 6 years of age prevent adult jumpers from jumping within that area to prevent any form of injuries arising from such activities. The training and instructions provided to employees of the organization are adequate to ensure that the clients do not attempt any activity beyond their skill. Risk assessment is conducted to identify any risks associated with the exercise training services and an implementation of the control measures shall enable the organization to minimize or reduce such risks (Burke Noumair, 2015). The hierarchy of control measures includes eliminating, substituting, isolating, engineering, using of administrative and personal protective equipment. Under the circumstances of the case, the most appropriate way of controlling the risk arising from the use of stock trolleys is the use of administrative control measures, which includes the following measures: warnings or signs that would infirm the clients and other workers as well about any default in the trampoline or other exercise machines; adequate training should have been provided to the staffs and trainers to ensure safety and health of the clients of all age. Pre-start checks should be commenced before permitting the clients to use the exercising machines or sources. Identification of Risk/Hazards Assessment of Risks/ Hazards Control measures Issues relating to qualifications or trainings of staffs Low Requires proof of Minimum qualification of staffs Identify and implement any additional training required Health risks in health training High The clients must comply with the rules and regulations of the Bounce Fitness centre Injuries due to poor maintenance of machines Considerable The centre must ensure that all the machines and equipments are well maintained and are serviced on a regularly First aid response to injuries Moderate A reporting and documentation procedure should be implemented in case of injuries; A first aid kit should always be available within the workplace Exposure to hazardous substances Low A hazardous substance register should be updated and hazardous substance should be replaced with safer materials Hazards on floor like loose carpets, tiles, causing trips or slips Significant The contractors, trainers and the clients are required to wear appropriate footwear and clothing while they enter the fitness centre Source: Cooper Quick, 2017 Presentation attached with the word document. The safety policy of Bounce Fitness is available on the following link https://bounceinc.com.au/our-safety-policy#/ According to Part 3 division 1 Clause 3.1 of the OHS Regulations, the employer of any organization must identify any hazard that is likely to affect any person within the workplace and assess the risk of harm is likely to cause to such person and have regards to the means through which the hazard may be reduced or minimized. According to clause 3.5 of Part 3 Division 1, if an employee makes a report of hazard to the employer, the employer must conduct an immediate investigation with respect to such report. Under the given circumstances, an employee of the Bouncer Fitness reports about a hazard associated with an incorrect setup and a use of a piece of fitness machinery, it is the responsibility of the center manager to investigate the machine under clause 3.5 of the OHS Act. In order to ensure that the default in the machine does not result in injuries to the staffs and clients of the organization, the machines should be re-set up in the appropriate manner. The part of the machine, which has a default in its use, should be replaced or adequate signs or warnings should be placed at a conspicuous place, which would be clearly visible to clients and the staffs within the workplace. This would be an administrative form of control that would enable the organization to minimize or eliminate the risk of harm that is likely to arise either from the use of the defaulted part of the machine or from the incorrect setting up of the machines. The centre manager has a primary duty to ensure health and safety within the organization. Reference List Benach, J., Vives, A., Amable, M., Vanroelen, C., Tarafa, G., Muntaner, C. (2014). Precarious employment: understanding an emerging social determinant of health.Annual review of public health,35. Burke, W. W., Noumair, D. A. (2015).Organization development: A process of learning and changing. FT Press. Cooper, C. L., Quick, J. C. (Eds.). (2017).The Handbook of Stress and Health: A Guide to Research and Practice. John Wiley Sons. De Lyon, A. T., Neville, R. D., Armour, K. M. (2017). The role of fitness professionals in public health: a review of the literature.Quest,69(3), 313-330. Gray, S. E., Keyzer, P., Norton, K., Dietrich, J., Sekendiz, B., Coyle, I., Finch, C. F. (2015). The Role of Equipment, the Physical Environment and Training Practices in Customer Safety Within Fitness Facilities: the Perspectives of Fitness Industry Employees.Journal of Fitness Research,4. Gray, S., Keyzer, P., Dietrich, J., Jones, V., Sekendiz, B., Norton, K., Finch, C. (2014). The development and application of an observational health and safety audit tool for use in Australian fitness facilities.Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,18, e4. Holt, A. S. J., Allen, J. (2015).Principles of health and safety at work. Routledge. Landsbergis, P. A., Grzywacz, J. G., LaMontagne, A. D. (2014). Work organization, job insecurity, and occupational health disparities.American journal of industrial medicine,57(5), 495-515. Landsbergis, P. A., Grzywacz, J. G., LaMontagne, A. D. (2014). Work organization, job insecurity, and occupational health disparities.American journal of industrial medicine,57(5), 495-515. Sekendiz, B., Gass, G., Norton, K., Finch, C. F. (2014). Cardiac emergency preparedness in health/fitness facilities in Australia.The Physician and sportsmedicine,42(4), 14-19. Takala, J., Hmlinen, P., Saarela, K. L., Yun, L. Y., Manickam, K., Jin, T. W., ... Lin, G. S. (2014). Global estimates of the burden of injury and illness at work in 2012.Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,11(5), 326-337. The Occupational Health and Safety Act 1984 (Western Australia) The Occupational Health and Safety Act 1999 (Western Australia)

Our Writers Favorite Word of the Week Synesthesia! - The Writers For Hire

OUR WRITERS FAVORITE WORD OF THE WEEK? SYNESTHESIA! Today we found a new word! Synesthesia! Synesthesia is a rare neurological sensory phenomenon that causes people to experience unique perceptual cross-overs. Do your numbers or days have colors or personalities? Do certain words taste sweet to you, while others are bitter or sour? Or do you see colors when you hear music, see abstract concepts like time projected in the space around you, or feel a tingly sensation when you smell certain things? If any of these apply to you, you may have synesthesia! This interesting article from MNN.com dives into the fascinating minds of  synesthetes (people who have synesthesia) and how their views of the world around us, and the way they process information, differs from the average person. They also explain how synesthesia is diagnosed, genetic components of synesthesia, and the reasons behind why only up to 4 percent of the population has synesthesia.